Friday, October 26, 2007
Zenisa - View topic - Excellent SQL reference Manual no book needed
Zenisa - View topic - Excellent SQL reference Manual no book needed: "http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/index.html"
Tuesday, May 1, 2007
Tuesday, April 17, 2007
Tuesday, April 3, 2007
Digital Processing of Speech Signals (Prentice-Hall Series in Signal Processing)
Digital Processing of Speech Signals (Prentice-Hall Series in Signal Processing)
By Lawrence R. Rabiner, Ronald W. Schafer,
By Lawrence R. Rabiner, Ronald W. Schafer,
- Publisher: Prentice Hall
- Number Of Pages: 512
- Publication Date: 1978-09-05
- Sales Rank: 532775
- ISBN / ASIN: 0132136031
- EAN: 9780132136037
- Binding: Paperback
- Manufacturer: Prentice Hall
- Studio: Prentice Hall
- Average Rating: 4.5
- Total Reviews: 4
http://mihd।net/1yof2v
Hydraulics for u mak
Hydraulics is a topic of science and engineering subject dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids. Hydraulics is part of the more general discipline of fluid power. Fluid mechanicsengineering uses of fluid properties. Hydraulic topics range through most science and engineering disciplines, and cover concepts such as pipe flow, dam design, fluid control circuitry, pumps, turbines, hydropower, computational fluid dynamics, flow measurement, river channel behavior and erosion. provides the theoretical foundation for hydraulics, which focuses on the
The word "hydraulics" originates from the Greek word ὑδραυλικός (hydraulikos) which in turn originates from ὕδραυλος meaning water organ which in turn comes from ὕδρω (water) and αὐλός (pipe).
History
The earliest masters of this art were Ctesibius (flourished c. 270 BC) and Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) in the Greek-Hellenized West, while ancient China had those such as Du Shi (circa 31 AD), Zhang Heng (78 - 139 AD), Ma Jun (200 - 265 AD), and Su Song (1020 - 1101 AD). The ancient engineers focused on sacral and novelty uses of hydraulics, rather than practical applications. Ancient Sinhalese used hydraulics in many applications, in the Ancient kingdoms of Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa etc. The discovery of the principle of the valve tower, or valve pit, for regulating the escape of water is credited to Sinhalese ingenuity more than 2,000 years ago. By the first century A.D, several large-scale irrigation works had been completed. Macro- and micro-hydraulics to provide for domestic horticultural and agricultural needs, surface drainage and erosion control, ornamental and recreational water courses and retaining structures and also cooling systems were in place in Sigiriya, Sri Lanka.
In 1690 Benedetto Castelli (1578–1643), a student of Galileo Galilei, published the book Della Misura dell'Acque Correnti or "On the Measurement of Running Waters," one of the foundations of modern hydrodynamics. He served as a chief consultant to the Pope on hydraulic projects, i.e., management of rivers in the Papal States, beginning in 1626.[1]
Blaise Pascal's (1623–1662) study of fluid hydrodynamics and hydrostatics centered on the principles of hydraulic fluids. His inventions include the hydraulic press, which multiplied a smaller force acting on a smaller area into the application of a larger force totaled over a larger area, transmitted through the same pressure (or same change of pressure) at both locations. Pascal's law or principle states that for an incompressible fluid at rest, the difference in pressure is proportional to the difference in height and this difference remains the same whether or not the overall pressure of the fluid is changed by applying an external force. This implies that by increasing the pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container, i.e., any change in pressure applied at any point of the fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluids.
Hydraulic drive system
A hydraulic/hydrostatic drive system is a drive, or transmission system, that makes use of a hydraulic fluid under pressure to drive a machinery. Such a system basically consists of a hydraulic pump, driven by an electric motor, a combustion engine or maybe a windmill, and a hydraulic motor or hydraulic cylinder to drive the machinery. Between pump and motor/cylinder, valves, filters, piping etc guide, maintain and control the drive system. Hydrostatic means that the energy comes from the flow and the pressure, but not from the kinetic energy of the flow.
For further details go to http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/instruments/pump.html
Bose-Einstein statistics
A Derivation of the Bose–Einstein distribution
Suppose we have a number of energy levels, labelled by index i, each level having energy εi and containing a total of ni particles. Suppose each level contains gi distinct sublevels, all of which have the same energy, and which are distinguishable. For example, two particles may have different momenta, in which case they are distinguishable from each other, yet they can still have the same energy. The value of gi associated with level i is called the "degeneracy" of that energy level. Any number of bosons can occupy the same sublevel.
Let w(n,g) be the number of ways of distributing n particles among the g sublevels of an energy level. There is only one way of distributing n particles with one sublevel, therefore w(n,1) = 1. It's easy to see that there are n + 1 ways of distributing n particles in two sublevels which we will write as:
With a little thought it can be seen that the number of ways of distributing n particles in three sublevels is w(n,3) = w(n,2) + w(n−1,2) + ... + w(0,2) so that
where we have used the following theorem involving binomial coefficients:
Continuing this process, we can see that w(n,g) is just a binomial coefficient
The number of ways that a set of occupation numbers ni can be realized is the product of the ways that each individual energy level can be populated:
where the approximation assumes that gi > > 1. Following the same procedure used in deriving the Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics, we wish to find the set of ni for which W is maximised, subject to the constraint that there be a fixed number of particles, and a fixed energy. The maxima of W and ln(W) occur at the value of Ni and, since it is easier to accomplish mathematically, we will maximise the latter function instead. We constrain our solution using Lagrange multipliers forming the function:
Using the gi > > 1 approximation and using Stirling's approximation for the factorials 
gives:
Taking the derivative with respect to ni, and setting the result to zero and solving for ni yields the Bose–Einstein population numbers:
It can be shown thermodynamically that β = 1/kT where k is Boltzmann's constant and T is the temperature, and that α = -μ/kT where μ is the chemical potential, so that finally:
Note that the above formula is sometimes written:
where z = exp(μ / kT) is the absolute activity.
Sunday, April 1, 2007
Funny Quotes & Sayings collection's
If women didn't exist, all the money in the world would have no meaning.
I like my whisky old and my women young.
Women are like elephants. Everyone likes to look at them but no-one likes to have to keep one.
Most women are not as young as they are painted.
What a strange thing man is; and what a stranger thing woman.
From 40 feet away she looked like a lot of class. From 15 feet away she looked like something made up to be seen from 40 feet away.
I love women. They're the best thing ever created. If they want to be like men and come down to our level, that's fine.
Women: Can't live with them, can't bury them in the back yard without the neighbors seeing.
To generalize on women is dangerous. To specialize on them is infinitely worse.
Women who seek to be equal with men lack ambition.
One of the most difficult things in the world is to convince a woman that even a bargain costs money.
What would men be without women? Scarce, sir, mighty scarce.
A woman's mind is cleaner than a man's - That's because she changes it more often.
No man knows more about women than I do, and I know nothing.
I'd much rather be a woman than a man. Women can cry, they can wear cute clothes, and they are the first to be rescued off of sinking ships.
When a woman behaves like a man, why doesn't she behave like a nice man ?
Despite my thirty years of research into the woman soul, I have not yet been able to answer the great question that has never been answered: What does a woman want?
Some women hold up dresses that are so ugly and they always say the same thing: 'This looks much better on.' On what? On fire?
Women should have labels on their foreheads saying, 'Government Health Warning: women can seriously damage your brains, current account, confidence, and good standing among your friends'.
The man's desire is for the woman; but the woman's desire is rarely other than for the desire of the man
What is better than wisdom? Woman. And what is better than a good woman? Nothing.
A woman knows how to keep quiet when she is in the right, whereas a man, when he is in the right, will keep on talking.
Woman is a miracle of divine contradictions.
Women are like cars: we all want a Ferrari, sometimes want a pickup truck, and end up with a station wagon.
A woman is like a tea bag. She only knows her strength when put in hot water.
Women are an alien race set down among us.
Women... can't live with 'em... can't shoot 'em.
Being a woman is a terribly difficult task, since it consists principally in dealing with men.
Whatever women do they must do twice as well as men to be thought half as good? Luckily, this is not difficult.
When women go wrong, men go right after them.
If a woman insists on being called Ms, ask her if it stands for miserable.
A woman is an occasional pleasure but a cigar is always a smoke.
There's two theories to arguing with a woman. Neither one works.
The great and almost only comfort about being a woman is that one can always pretend to be more stupid than one is and no one is surprised.
Every time a woman leaves off something she looks better, but every time a man leaves off something he looks worse.
I wonder why it is, that young men are always cautioned against bad girls. Anyone can handle a bad girl. It's the good girls men should be warned against.
Guys are like dogs. They keep coming back. Ladies are like cats. Yell at a cat one time...they're gone.
As long as a woman can look ten years younger than her own daughter, she is perfectly satisfied.
Show me a woman who doesn't feel guilt and I'll show you a man.
I hate housework. You make the beds, you wash the dishes and six months later you have to start all over again.
When women kiss it always reminds me of prize fighter shaking hands.
One should never trust a woman who tells her real age. If she tells that, she'll tell anything.
I like my whisky old and my women young.
Women are like elephants. Everyone likes to look at them but no-one likes to have to keep one.
Most women are not as young as they are painted.
What a strange thing man is; and what a stranger thing woman.
From 40 feet away she looked like a lot of class. From 15 feet away she looked like something made up to be seen from 40 feet away.
I love women. They're the best thing ever created. If they want to be like men and come down to our level, that's fine.
Women: Can't live with them, can't bury them in the back yard without the neighbors seeing.
To generalize on women is dangerous. To specialize on them is infinitely worse.
Women who seek to be equal with men lack ambition.
One of the most difficult things in the world is to convince a woman that even a bargain costs money.
What would men be without women? Scarce, sir, mighty scarce.
A woman's mind is cleaner than a man's - That's because she changes it more often.
No man knows more about women than I do, and I know nothing.
I'd much rather be a woman than a man. Women can cry, they can wear cute clothes, and they are the first to be rescued off of sinking ships.
When a woman behaves like a man, why doesn't she behave like a nice man ?
Despite my thirty years of research into the woman soul, I have not yet been able to answer the great question that has never been answered: What does a woman want?
Some women hold up dresses that are so ugly and they always say the same thing: 'This looks much better on.' On what? On fire?
Women should have labels on their foreheads saying, 'Government Health Warning: women can seriously damage your brains, current account, confidence, and good standing among your friends'.
The man's desire is for the woman; but the woman's desire is rarely other than for the desire of the man
What is better than wisdom? Woman. And what is better than a good woman? Nothing.
A woman knows how to keep quiet when she is in the right, whereas a man, when he is in the right, will keep on talking.
Woman is a miracle of divine contradictions.
Women are like cars: we all want a Ferrari, sometimes want a pickup truck, and end up with a station wagon.
A woman is like a tea bag. She only knows her strength when put in hot water.
Women are an alien race set down among us.
Women... can't live with 'em... can't shoot 'em.
Being a woman is a terribly difficult task, since it consists principally in dealing with men.
Whatever women do they must do twice as well as men to be thought half as good? Luckily, this is not difficult.
When women go wrong, men go right after them.
If a woman insists on being called Ms, ask her if it stands for miserable.
A woman is an occasional pleasure but a cigar is always a smoke.
There's two theories to arguing with a woman. Neither one works.
The great and almost only comfort about being a woman is that one can always pretend to be more stupid than one is and no one is surprised.
Every time a woman leaves off something she looks better, but every time a man leaves off something he looks worse.
I wonder why it is, that young men are always cautioned against bad girls. Anyone can handle a bad girl. It's the good girls men should be warned against.
Guys are like dogs. They keep coming back. Ladies are like cats. Yell at a cat one time...they're gone.
As long as a woman can look ten years younger than her own daughter, she is perfectly satisfied.
Show me a woman who doesn't feel guilt and I'll show you a man.
I hate housework. You make the beds, you wash the dishes and six months later you have to start all over again.
When women kiss it always reminds me of prize fighter shaking hands.
One should never trust a woman who tells her real age. If she tells that, she'll tell anything.
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